India admits to using facial recognition to identify rioters amidst communal tensions

Last month, when US President Donald Trump was taking photos at the Taj Mahal in India, the country’s capital was going through a turbulent time with communal riots. As the police grappled to control the situation, 53 people died and many more were injured.
 
Yesterday, India‘s Home Minister, Amit Shah, said during the investigation following the riots, the government had identified 1,100 rioters using facial recognition systems.
 
More importantly, he noted cops used data from voter ID and driving license databases to identify insurgents:
 
We are using face-recognition software to identify people behind the violence. The software has identified 1100 people, 300 of these people came from UP (Uttar Pradesh state) to carry out violence.
 
According to a report from The Hindu, a senior police officer said authorities also used India’s national vehicle database, e-Vahan, to catch perpetrators:
 
Our personnel were also recording videos when the riots were on. Once we had clear video footage, the software was used to match the photographs with that in the database of EC and e-Vahan to identify the suspects. Basically, even if someone changes his appearance, the chin and the eye do not change. These are the two key facial features that will help us nab the suspects
 
However, Delhi police previously said they only matched faces with the criminal and missing persons databases. They also claimed not to be using the system to identify protestors.
 
If the Indian government uses various non-criminal databases, there are concerns the system might be used to snoop on citizens and people showing dissent against authorities.
 
Internet Freedom Foundation, an Indian digital liberties organization, pointed out serious concerns regarding mass surveillance due to a lack of legislation to govern facial recognition technology.

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